תוצאת חיפוש

מרדכי שמעונוב, פנחס שכטר, ויקטוריה פרידמן, עדה רוזן, הנרי היאט ואברהם צ'רניאק

בין השנים 1998-2000 הופנו למחלקתנו 18 חולים הלוקים בשאת בכבד שאינה בת-כריתה לטיפול בהקפאה לאפארוסקופית. נתוני החולים עובדו על-פי פרוטוקול איבחוני קבוע ונמצאו בלתי מתאימים לניתוח לכריתת השאת.

בקבוצה נכללו 9 גברים ו-9 נשים בגילי 62-81 שנה (ממוצע של 72 שנה). עשרה חולים לקו בתהליכים משניים בכבד כשמקור השאת הראשונית מהכרכשת, ו-8 חולים לקו בתהליכים ראשוניים של הכבד (הפטומה ו-  hepatocellular carcinoma). חמישה חולי הפטומה לקו בנוסף צמקת כבד עקב דלקת כבד מסוג C, בשמונה חולים אובחנה מעורבות דו-צדדית של הכבד ובעשרה חולים אובחנה מעורבות חד-צדדית של הכבד.

הניתוח בוצע בהרדמה כללית. בשלב ראשון בוצעה הערכה לאפארוסקופית, תוך הסתייעות בבדיקת על-שמע לאפארוסקופית. חולים עם שאת שאינה ניתנת לכריתה בניתוח וללא מעורבות מחוץ לכבד טופלו בהקפאת הנגעים בכבד בגישה לאפארוסקופית. חולה אחת נפטרה במהלך הבתר-ניתוחי עקב מחלת לב. הסיבוכים השכיחים היו חום (4 חולים), בעיקר עקב תמט (אטלקטזיס) ודמם (2 חולים).

Aggressive Surgical Treatment for Cholangiocarcinoma

M. Shimonov, P. Schecter, Y. Avni¹, E. Rabin², A. Rosen, A. Czerniak,

¹Department of Surgery A, Gastroenterology and ²Invasive-Radiology, Wolfson Medical

Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel

Surgery remains the only curative approach to cholangiocarcinoma. Despite operative difficulties concerning tumor location, vascular involvement or hepatic invasion curative resection (i.e. achievement of tumor free margins) carries good survival rates and is associated with low morbidity and mortality. Our experience with 31 patients with cholangiocarcinoma operated during the years 1993-1999 is presented.

Twenty-five patients were found to have hilar cholangiocarcinoma, 3 carcinoma of mid-choledochus and 3 distal cholangiocarcinoma. All patients were evaluated by a diagnostic protocol including laparoscopy and laparoscopic ultrasound. Surgery consisted of local resection of the tumor with Roux en Y hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction. Three patients had concomitant hepatic resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma while 3 patients had pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in all patients. Curative resection was achieved in 19 patients and palliative resection (microscopically involved resected margins) in 12. One patient died at 60 days postop (3.5% mortality). Postoperative complications included cholangitis occuring in 10 patients who were referred with biliary drains, intraabdominal abscess (2 patients) and biliary leakage (1 patient) all treated conservatively.

Overall survival rate was 82% at one year, 73% at two years and 45% at 5 years. When comparing curative resection with palliative resection, survival rates were 92% versus 71% for 1 year, 72% versus 50% for 2 year and 57% versus 14% for 5 years.

Selection of patients using Laparoscopic Ultrasound combined with aggressive surgical approach enable curative or palliative resection 15 the only treatment modality which is significantly improved survival.

Aggressive Surgical Approach in Pancreatic Cancer - Is it Justified?

V. Catz-Snir, P. Schachter, M. Shimonov, Y. Avni, G. Gvirtz, A. Czerniak

Depts. of Surgery, Gastroenterology, and Diagnostic Radiology, Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

Resection presents the only possible cure for pancreatic cancer. An aggressive surgical approach may extend the limits of resection and offer cure for more patients. 37 women and 28 men, mean age 67 years (range 33-84) with focal lesions underwent pancreatic resection (1993-1999). Cancer of the pancreatic head was found in 45, in the ampulla in 4 and in the body or tail in 16. There was a tumor larger than 5 cm in 9, vascular involvement in 8, and a combination of both in 6.

All were evaluated prior to exploration by standard imaging techniques and 44 by laparoscopic ultrasound. 42 underwent pancreatico-duodenectomy, 16 distal subtotal pancreatectomy and 3 local excision of an ampullary tumor. Benign lesions were found in 8 (focal pancreatitis in 4 and a serous cystic lesion in 4).

Curative resection (microscopically negative margins, negative lymph nodes) was achieved in 44. 2 died 1-2 months after operation of septic complications (2% operative mortality). The most frequent complication (in 8) was pancreatic fistula. Additional complications included anastomotic-line bleeding (3), intra-abdominal abscess (2), and 1 developed portal vein thrombosis (treated surgically).

1- and 2-year survival in those after curative pancreatic resection was 81% and 55% respectively. 2-year survival in those after palliative resection (positive resection margins or positive lymph nodes) was 50% and 11%, respectively.

After proper selection of those in whom it is possible to perform curative resection, regardless of size or vascular involvement, an aggressive surgical approach is justified.
 

Laparoscopic Ultrasound in Predicting Resectability of Choriocarcinoma

M. Shimonov, P. Schachter, G. Gvirtz, Y. Avni, A. Rosen, A. Czerniak

Depts. of Surgery, Ultrasound, and of Gastroenterology, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

Cholangiocarcinoma accounts for about 1% of all malignant tumors. They are difficult to diagnose because of their small size and their location. Although surgical resection is the best therapeutic approach, most patients undergo unnecessary exploratory laparotomy due to incorrect preoperative diagnosis.

We present our experience with laparoscopic ultrasound (LU) in the evaluation of cholangiocarcinoma and determination of tumor spread and vascular involvement. Of 25 patients referred for surgery, 6 were excluded following LU and were referred instead for palliative treatment. Diagnosis of the tumor was successful in 92%, and vascular involvement was diagnosed in 46%. LU should be an integral diagnostic test in the evaluation of choriocarcinoma.

Laparoscopic Approach in Treating Hepatic Cysts 

P. Schachter, V. Sorin, M. Shimonov, A. Rosen, A. Czerniak

Dept. of Surgery A, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon

Solitary and multiple hepatic cysts are now more commonly found because of advances in imaging techniques. Most hepatic cysts are asymptomatic, but when they do cause symptoms they require surgical intervention. The advent of laparoscopy and of laparoscopic ultrasonography allow comprehensive evaluation and treatment of the cysts.

12 patients with hepatic cysts were treated laparoscopically. 8 with single cysts underwent successful subtotal cyst resection without signs of recurrence (up to 20 years of follow-up). 4 with polycystic liver disease underwent sub-total resection of superficial cysts. Deep cysts were unroofed and drained under laparoscopic ultrasound guidance. In this group, 1 experienced recurrence of symptoms and required partial hepatectomy of the involved segment. In another, a connection between a deep cyst and bile ducts was demonstrated and cystojejunostomy was performed.

The laparoscopic approach in the management of patients with liver cysts is effective and safe, and we recommend it as the procedure of choice for single hepatic cysts. In polycystic liver disease the procedure is much less successful.