תוצאת חיפוש

דוד קהלת, אליענה ארבל, אירית תבורי, רינה שוחט

המח' לטיפול מיוחד ביילוד, מרכז רפואי וולפסון, חולון, הפקולטה לרפואה סאקלר, אוניברסיטת תל אביב

שיעור ההישרדות של פגים שמשקלם בלידה קטן מ-500 ג' (micropremies) או שגילם העוברי קטן מ-24 שבועות (extremely low gestational age), הוא נמוך. ההתקדמות שחלה בשנים האחרונות בתחום הרפואה העוסק בטיפול בפגים זעירים שמשקלם בלידה קטן מ-1,000 ג' (extremely low birthweight), סייעה במידה מרשימה בהגדלת שיעור ההישרדות. בין האמצעים הננקטים והתורמים לעלייה בשיעור ההישרדות ניתן לכלול את הטיפול השוטף בסורפקטנט אקסוגני, פיתוח אמצעי-הנשמה חדישים ויישומם הנכון.

מובאת בזאת פרשת חולה של תינוקת שנולדה לפני תום השבוע ה-26 להתפתחותה התוך-רחמית במשקל 300 ג' ושרדה. למיטב ידיעתנו, היא התינוקת הזעירה ביותר ששרדה בישראל והשנייה בזעירותה מבין התינוקות שהונשמו לאחר לידתם ומשקלם בלידה היה קטן מ-400 ג', שעל הישרדותם דווח בספרות העולמית. תינוקת זו היא הזעירה ביותר ששרדה, לאחר שלקתה בתיסמונת המצוקה הנשימתית והונשמה בריטרוט בתדר גבוה.

Feeding Disorders in Infancy: Feeding Interaction Concept in Diagnosis and Treatment

Miri Keren, Samuel Tyano

Community-based Mental Health Baby Clinic, Gehah Hospital and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

In infancy clinical manifestations of psychological distress are mainly somatic. Feeding disorders are one of the most common and nonspecific manifestations of different kinds of disturbed parent-child relationships. These disturbances may have their origins in the baby's constitution and physical status, in the parent's personality structure, or both, as has been conceptualized in the transactional model of normal and abnormal development. Among the daily interactions a baby has with parents, feeding has special inherent impact on the early parent-child relationship because of its psychological meanings. Therefore, feeding disorders, with or without failure to thrive, often reflect various disorders of infancy, still not well recognized in the medical community, such as regulatory disorders, attachment disorders, depression of infancy, disorders of separation-individuation, and post-traumatic eating disorder. 3 clinical cases are brought to increase awareness of psychological distress in the infant, and of feeding disorders as 1 of its manifestations. Each illustrates a different kind of feeding disorder in terms of etiology and pathogenesis. Through these cases we emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary, integrative approach in diagnosis and treatment. Our conceptual background is based both on the transactional model of development (infant and parental factors impact on each other) in a very dynamic paradigm, and on psychodynamic premises. Intrapsychic conflicts and past representations impact heavily on the parenting characteristics. We emphasize the psychological significance of disturbed feeding interactions, with or without failure to thrive.

Effects of Vertical Banded Gastroplasty on Weight, Quality of Life and Nutrition

Iris Shai, Shimon Weitzman, Izhak Levy

Depts. of Epidemiology and Surgery, Soroka Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba

We examined the long term results of vertical banded gastroplasty 3-10 years after operation. They were assessed by weight lost, incidence and severity of untoward effects and improvement in diet and in quality of life in 75 of 122 who had had the operation. Average weight lost was 28.5±14.9 kg (p<0.001) in 5 years and 58.6±30.4% of excess weight, which brought patients to within 32±25.2% of ideal weight. According to these measures, in 63-76% the operation had been successful in causing weight loss. The 2 criteria for successful weight loss were loss of more than 50% of weight in excess of ideal body weight and residual body weight less than 50% greater than ideal body weight. There was a greater risk of failure in unmarried subjects older than 45 (odds ratio for not losing weight was 6; in those weighing more than 120 kg it was 9). We saw evidence of this mostly 4 years after operation (odds ratio 11). The degree of success in weight loss was correlated with texture of food (softness) preferred and length of operation. Of those interviewed, only 65% were satisfied with their results. The greatest improvement in quality of life measurements was in physical activity, perception of health, and frequency of feeling depressed. Side-effects were vomiting, reflux and fatigue. Only 34.7% were able to digest solid foods, so that subjects are at risk for nutritional deficiencies.

* Based on MS thesis in epidemiology of Iris Shai.