תוצאת חיפוש

(1) פול פרום, (2) דורון חרמוני, (1) מירה ברק

(1) מעבדה מחוזית, מחוז חיפה, שירותי בריאות כללית, (2) המח' לרפואת המשפחה, הפקולטה לרפואה רפפורט, הטכניון ושירותי בריאות כללית

ההוריות הנפוצות ביותר לטיפול ב-Warfarin הן פירפור פרוזדורים, נוכחות של מסתם מלאכותי ופקקת תסחיפית (thromboembolism) בורידים. הסכנות והיתרונות שבטיפול בגורמים אלו אופיינו היטב, וקווי הנחיה כמעט זהים פורסמו על-ידי מספר קבוצות. למרות שניתן להגדיר את טווח הטיפול הטובות ביותר לשמור את ה-INR, קיים קושי גם בנסיבות הטובות ביותר לשמור את ה-INR בטווח הרצוי. הרופאים לעתים קרובות אינם מזהים את המגבלות של בדיקת ה-INR. בנוסף, המטופל אינו תמיד מטמיע את קיומה של סכנה מתמשכת של סיבוכים כתוצאה מדימום ותסחיף, למרות שקיבל את הטיפול הטוב והמעודכן ביותר. כל אלה חושפים את הרופא לסכנה של תביעות רשלנות רפואית ומדגישים את הצורך בהסכמה מדעת של המטופל עם התחלת הטיפול.

יפעת גולדברג¹, שלמה ברלינר^1,2, אורי זליגסון^2,3

¹המח' לרפואה פנימית ד' מרכז רפואי סוראסקי, ²מרפאת נוגדי קרישה, מכבי שירותי בריאות, ³המכון לקרישת הדם מרכז רפואי שיבר

טיפול נוגד-קרישה מפחית את התחלואה והתמותה הנגרמים מפקקת (thrombosis). הטיפול בוורפרין (מירפאות נוגדי-קרישה [anticoagulants]). בסקירה זו נדונה היעילות של מירפאות אלו בניטור הטיפול בנוגדי קרישה בהשוואה לטיפול במסגרת מירפאות הקהילה הרגילות, וכן נבחן ההיבט הכלכלי של החיסכון הנובע ממניעת סיבוכי הטיפול.

Liver Failure with Coagulopathy in an Infant with Tyrosinemia

Moshe Nussinovitch, Gadi Campino, Rivka Shapira, Benjamin Voluvitz, Jacob Amir

Department of Pediatrics, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

Tyrosinemia is an inherited autsomal recessive condition. We present a 5 week-old boy with this disorder. He was admitted because of a fever, vomiting and lethargy. The laboratory tests confirmed a coagulopathy with prolonged prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and a decreased serum fibrinogen. The a-fetoprotein level was markedly elevated. To confirm the diagnosis of tyrosinemia, quantitative urinary succinylacetone was measured. Although overt liver failure with coagulopathy may be part of the representation of tyrosinemia, a significant coagulopathy in the absence of overt signs of liver disease has not been emphasized as a clue to the diagnosis of this condition.

Anticoagulant Treatment in Pericardial Effusion - A Therapeutic Dilemma 

Marina Katsman, Elie Shiloah, Micha Rappoport

Dept. of Medicine C, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin

Anticoagulant treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and pericardial effusion is controversial, since the treatment might cause hemopericardium and tamponade. On the other hand, anticoagulants are strongly indicated in many situations in AMI, including: left ventricular thrombus, unstable angina, severe heart failure, deep vein thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation, as part of thrombolytic treatment, and during cardiac catheterization.

We describe a 70-year-old man who presented with both pericardial effusion and a left ventricular thrombus 3 weeks after an extensive, anterior wall AMI. Anticoagulants and corticosteroids were administered simultaneously under hem-odynamic and echocardiographic monitoring, without complications.

It is our impression that anticoagulant treatment is safe in patients with pericardial effusion.

Danaparoid-Sodium for Dialysis in Heparin-Associated Thrombocytopenia

Ronen Ben Ami, Ruth Rachmimov, Shlomo Berliner

Medicine Dept. D and Anticoagulation Therapy Unit, Tel Aviv-Souraski Medical Center, and Nephrology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer

Danaparoid sodium is an anticomposed of 3 glycosaminoglycans: heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Similar to heparin, operates by activating antithrombin 3, but does not contain heparin or heparin fragments, and is therefore antigenically distinct.

Danaparoid has been advocated as a safe and effective anticoagulant for heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. However, there is little experience in its use as a substitute for heparin in hemodialysis.

We report 2 men, aged 82 and 73 years, respectively, who developed thrombocytopenia while undergoing hemodialysis with heparin, and who subsequently underwent successful dialysis with danaparoid. There was a rise in platelet levels in both while receiving danaparoid, and dialysis was completed without hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications. Danaparoid is a safe and effective substitute for heparin, and may be used as an anticoagulant in hemodialysis.

Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in the Primary Care Setting

Shlomo Vinker, Sasson Nakar, Sergei Finkel, Emanuel Nir, Eitan Hyam

Family Medicine Dept., Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; and Shaaraim Clinic, General Sick Fund, Rehovot; Central Cinical Laboratories, and District Medical Director, Central District of the General Sick Fund

The use of oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) to prevent thromboembolism has been widespread in recent years. The concept of high- and low-intensity regimens has facilitated treatment for many, and has lowered the hazards of overly intense anticoagulation. However, a significant proportion of patients suited to the low intensity regimen are not being treated. It is not clear whether its wider use is limited by continued debate, lack of resources, lack of expertise, or other causes. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 32 patients treated with OAT administered in the primary care setting. The average age was 66±11 years (range 34-84). 9 were treated with high-intensity OAT: 8 due to artificial heart valves, and 1 due to a hypercoagulable syndrome with recurrent thromboembolism. 23 were treated with low-intensity OAT, 17 of whom had atrial fibrillation. 11 were also being treated continuously with other medication which interacted with OAT or interfered with other coagulation pathways. Such medication included: aspirin, dipyridamole, amiodarone, bezafibrate and allopurinol. Of 414 coagulation tests, 57% and 65% were in the therapeutic range in the high- and low-intensity OAT groups, respectively. There was no major bleeding event, but in 2 of 8 who bled, gastrointestinal bleeding led to hospitalization. Treatment was discontinued in 1 patient because of difficulties in achieving target INR, and in the 2 hospitalized for bleeding. The percentages of test results in, above and below the therapeutic range were similar to those in other large series, for both intensity regimens. We found that a significant proportion of patients were under chronic treatment with other medication which interacted with OAT. To estimate the rate of complications in primary care OAT, larger series are needed. We conclude that OAT can be given and monitored by the family physician, and that awareness of long and short term drug interactions with OAT is mandatory.