תוצאת חיפוש

Efficacy and Safety of Acarbose Treatment of Niddm

Julio Wainstein, Medinah Jedwab

Dept. of Medicine C and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon

An uncontrolled multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of treatment of diabetes with acarbose was conducted on 169 NIDDM patients in 12 medical centers in Israel. Acarbose was administered for 19 weeks, and the patients were followed for an additional 12 weeks. A substantial decrease in HbA1c levels from 8.5% to 7.5% (p<0.001) and in postprandial serum glucose levels from 283.6 mg/dl to 248.5 mg/dl (p<0.01) was seen during treatment. On follow-up, HbA1c levels increased by 0.45% and postprandial serum glucose rebounded from 256.4 mg/dl to 287.9 mg/dl. Acarbose was shown to be effective in treating NIDDM and to be safe and well-tolerated.

"Charge" Association

Asher Barak, Lidia Gabis, Biniamin Mogilner, Shulamit Gelman-Kohan

Pediatric and Neonatal Depts., and Clinical Genetic Unit, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot

CHARGE association represents a group of congenital anomalies with no clear etiology. The broad array of abnormalities, which involves several systems, has been the basis for the acronym CHARGE: coloboma, heart anomaly, choanal atresia, retarded growth and development, hypoplastic genitalia and ear malformation. We present 3 children with CHARGE association to illustrate the phenotypic variability and note the multidisciplinary treatment they received. It is recommended that this entity be approached in an interdisciplinary, integrated way to allow for faster diagnosis and better prognosis.

Effectiveness of Selective Hepatic Artery Embolization in a Child after Blunt Hepatic Trauma

Y. Sweed, A. Engel, M. Halberthal

Depts. of Pediatric Surgery and Radiology and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa

A 9-year-old boy was admitted after a bicycle fall. Abdominal CT-scan revealed severe liver injury (stage IV according to the liver injury scale of the American Association for Surgery Trauma), including ruptured intraparenchymal hematoma with active bleeding. The patient was hemodynamically stable and was treated conservatively for the first 2 days. On the 3rd day selective hepatic artery angiography was performed because of abdominal distension and the need for 7 pints of packed red blood cells. Active right hepatic artery bleeding was identified and treated successfully by embolization. We think that early angiography and selective embolization should always be considered for acute or continuous bleeding after liver injury.

An In-Hospital Pain Service: Present Activity and Future Trends

Y. Shir, V. Shavelzon, G. Rosen, S. Cotev

Anesthesia Dept. and Intensive Care Unit, Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem

Although significant progress has been made in the past 2 decades in our understanding of pain pathophysiology and in the development of new analgesic drugs and techniques, many patients still experience considerable pain during hospitalization. Unrelieved pain is common not only among patients undergoing surgery, but also in those with a variety of other medical problems. These findings led to the development of our in-hospital acute pain service. This in-hospital pain service has been active since the late eighties, treating both postoperative pain and non-surgical pain in hospitalized patients. During 1995, 2140 patients were treated totaling 8717 treatment days in 18 different medical units and departments. Overall success was more than 75%. We review our experience in treating in-patients who suffer from pain and discuss future trends and need for such a specialized service.

Kapoera - Popular Dance or Martial Art?

Y. Kluger, A. Ravid, R. Ben Avraham, D. Soffer, D. Aladgem

Depts. of Surgery B and C, and Division of Trauma, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv

Kapoera, a combination of acrobatics and coordinated athletic movement, is believed to have been introduced to South America during the 19th century by transported African slaves. The dance does not involve intentional physical contact, but during 6 months, 3 patients were admitted here for injuries induced by the forceful movements of this dance. 2 underwent exploratory laparotomy that revealed bowel perforations and 1 suffered a comminuted nasal bone fracture. Medical personnel should be familiar with the potential hazards of this dance and martial art.

Cyclosporin for Severe Ulcerative Colitis

Z. Symon, R. Stalnikowich, R. Eliakim, Z. Ackerman, D. Rachmilewitz

Dept. of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem

In recent years there have been numerous reports of successful treatment of resistant ulcerative colitis with cyclosporin. A series of 9 patients with moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis was treated with cyclosporin between September 1993 and October 1994. All 9 had failed to respond to conventional therapy, including salazopyrine and intravenous corticosteroids. They underwent colonoscopy and after contraindications to therapy were ruled out, received intravenous cyclosporin, 4 mg/kg/day for 7-10 days. They were discharged on oral cyclosporin with average serum levels maintained at 200 ng/ml. Response was assessed using the clinical score system of Schroeder et al. 2 out of 9 patients (22%) responded with full clinical remissions lasting more than 6 months. 6 patients had partial responses to the intravenous therapy, but symptoms resumed shortly after its cessation. Factors predicting favorable response to cyclosporin therapy were a shorter duration of disease with a fulminant clinical course. The success rate was less than that reported in the literature, possibly because of comparatively low serum cyclosporin levels. Potential complications of therapy and high cost preclude the routine use of cyclosporin in ulcerative colitis. Larger controlled studies are required to assess its efficacy and safety. Until such studies are available, cyclosporin may be tried in poor surgical risks or those not yet ready psychologically for total colectomy.

Volume Reduction Surgery in Emphysema

M.R. Kramer, I. Bar, I. Eidelman, M. Bublil, I. Nitzan, C. Sprung, S. Godfrey, G. Merin

Depts. of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, and Institute of Pulmonology, Hadassah-University Hospital and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem

Volume reduction surgery (VRS) is a new procedure based on the concept that relieving hyperinflation in emphysema improves diaphragmatic and chest wall mechanics and ventilation perfusion mismatch. We present our early experience with 16 patients who underwent VRS from August 1995 to June 1996. Patient selection was based on: PFT, CT scan, V/Q scan, ABG's and 6-min walk. After pulmonary rehabilitation, operation was by median sternotomy and bilateral lung shaving. Pulmonary function improved significantly. FEV1 increased from 0.68 ± 0.2 to 1.0 ± 0.2 L (p<0.01) and FVC increased from 1.7 ± 0.5 to 2.7 ± 0.5 L (p<0.017). Total lung capacity decreased from 129% ± 24% to 108% ± 20% (p<0.03). 6-min walk increased from 221 ± 90 to 404 ± 123 meters (p<0.001). Complications included 1 death, prolonged air leak in 7 cases and infection in 2. Quality of life improved substantially in 12 of the 16 cases; in 3 cases there was only slight improvement and in 1 the condition became worse. Volume reduction surgery is a promising surgical solution in selected patients with advanced emphysema.

The Serotonin Syndrome

L. Broude, I. Iancu, O.T. Dolberg, J. Zohar

Psychiatric Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer

The frequent use of selective, serotonin reuptake inhibitors has increased the risk of the serotonin syndrome. This condition is related to stimulation of 5HT1A receptors and is characterized by agitation, confusion, tremor, fever and shivering. A 29-year-old woman and a 69-year-old man with the syndrome are reported, The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is emphasized, and aspects of the syndrome in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder are presented.

Hyperbaric Oxygen for Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

A. Abramovich, A. Shupak, Y. Ramon, O. Shoshani, Y. Bentur, G. Bar-Josef, U. Taitelman

Israel Naval Medical Institute, Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Haifa and Israel Poison Information Center, Intensive Care Unit and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa

Severe cases of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning from all over Israel are treated at the Israel Naval Medical Institute with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). Between 1.11.94 and 15.2.95, 24 cases of CO poisoning were treated. Poisoning was usually due to domestic gas-fired heating systems, CO being the only toxin involved. Since delay between termination of CO exposure and arrival at the emergency department averaged 55 minutes, the level of carboxyhemoglobin measured on presentation did not always reflect the true severity of the poisoning. Poisoning was defined as severe and requiring HBO treatment when 1 or more of the following indications was present: evidence of neurological involvement, cardiographic signs of acute ischemic injury, metabolic acidosis, carboxyhemoglobin level greater than 25%, and pregnancy. 20 (84%) recovered consciousness during the course of 1 session (90 min.) of HBO treatment (p2 2.8 ATA) or immediately thereafter, with resolution of other signs of CO poisoning. 3 required a second treatment session before their symptoms resolved. A patient who arrived in deep coma with severe cerebral edema died. HBO is an important element in the combined treatment of severe CO poisoning. There should be greater awareness of the danger of CO poisoning and the means of preventing it, both among medical staff and the population as a whole, mainly in areas in which cold weather requires use of heating systems, which may be gas-fired.

Motor Vehicle Accidents And Eye Injuries

J. Pikkel, Y. Gelfand, E. Mezer, B. Miller

Dept. of Ophthalmology, Rambam Medical Center and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa

The medical records of 24,632 patients treated in our surgical emergency service over a 3-year period were reviewed to determine the frequency and characteristics of ocular trauma caused by motor vehicle accidents (MVA). MVA-related injuries accounted for 13.9% of all visits to the service and involved 1106 of the patients (33%), of whom 77% were young males. At least 1 pathological finding was found in 858 (77.6%) and 169 (15.2%) were admitted. 16 patients sustained very severe ocular injuries which resulted in poor vision.

Differentiated Thyroid Cancer In Arabs In Northern Israel

J. Zidan, S. Kassem, D. Karen, A. Kuten, E. Robinson

Northern Israel Oncology Center, Rambam Medical Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa

Prognostic factors and survival rate of 53 Arabs with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid treated here were reviewed. Papillary carcinoma was diagnosed in 35 (66%) and follicular carcinoma in 18 (34%); the female/male ratio was 2.3/1 and the median age 32. Age, gender, tumor size, histology and tumor stage were important prognostic factors. The 20-year actuarial survival rate of the entire group was 96%. The probable reason for the high survival rate was the low median age.