תוצאת חיפוש

נעם פינק, יהודה אדלר, איתי ויזר, אלכס שגיא

מכון הלב, היח' לאכוקרדיוגרפיה שיינגרטן, מרכז רפואי רבין, קמפוס בילינסון, פתח תקווה

הסתיידות טבעת המסתם הדו-צניפי (MAC- mitral annulus calcification) ניתנת לזיהוי בבדיקת אכוקרדיוגרפיה דרך בית החזה. מהספרות הרפואית מוכר הקשר בין MAC וגורמי סיכון טרשתיים, כגון סוכרת, יתר-לחץ-דם ורמות גבוהות של כולסטרול בדם. בנוסף ידוע, שבקרב חולים עם MAC קיימת שכיחות גבוהה יותר של הגדלת הפרוזדור והחדר השמאלי בלב, מחלה ההיפרטרטופית של שריר הלב (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), פירפור פרוזדורים, הסתיידות והיצרות של מסתם הוותין (aortic valve calcification & stenosis), הפרעות הולכה שונות בלב, דלקת חיידקית של פנים-הלב (bacterial endocarditis), אירועים קרדיוואסקולריים ואירועים מוחיים – אולם הבסיס האטיולוגי לתופעה זו אינו ידוע. במחקרים פתולוגיים משנות ה-80 מובאת תיאוריה שייתכן ש-MAC מהווה בעצם צורה של טרשת עורקים.

על מנת לבחון תיאוריה זו, ערכנו בשנים האחרונות מספר מחקרים קליניים בניסיון לקשור את הסתיידות טבעת המסתם הדו-צניפי למספר ביטויים טרשתיים מוכרים. בקרב חולים עם MAC מצאנו שכיחות גבוהה יותר בצורה מובהקת של רבדים טרשתיים בוותין (aortic atheromas), בייחוד רבדים טרשתיים מורכבים, ונמצא קשר ישיר בין עובי ה-MAC לגודל הרבדים (atheromas) בוותין. בנוסף, מצאנו בקרב החולים עם MAC שכיחות גבוהה יותר של היצרות בעורקים התרדמניים, היצרות בעורקים הכליליים, היצרות בעורקים הרגליים ורמה גבוהה יותר של נוגדן ל-ביתא 2 glycoprotein I בקרב חולים עם MAC שווה ל-5 מ"מ או עבה מ-5 מ"מ. מחקרים אלה תומכים בתיאוריה, שהסתיידות טבעת המסתם הדו-צניפי מהווה ביטוי נוסף של טרשת עורקים, ויכולה לשמש "חלון" לתהליכים טרשתיים בכלי-דם שונים בגוף.

Combined Approach in Management of Penetrating Injury of Vertebral Artery

Y. Kluger, B. Sagie, D. Soffer, N. Hai, D. Oron

Rabin Trauma Center and Division of Invasive Radiology, Tel Aviv Medical Center

Penetrating injuries of the vertebral artery are not common. Although surgical control of this type of injury is well- documented, the combined approach (surgery and packing for temporary control of bleeding, followed by angiography and embolization for permanent control) is now recognized and practiced.

We describe a 40-year-old man who was stabbed in the neck. He was rushed to the operating theater in hemorrhagic shock. A vertebral artery injury was identified and packed. Angiography and embolization permanently controlled the bleeding.

The combined approach is safe and we recommend it in those in whom bleeding from the vertebral artery is initially well controlled with packing.

Open Reduction and Internal Sternal Fracture Fixation

Y. Kluger, Y. Paz, N. Gebart, B. Sagie, A. Kremer

Rabin Trauma Center and Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tel Aviv-Souraski Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

We describe a 63-year-old woman who sustained a sternal fracture after a motor vehicle crash. Due to persistent pain, open reduction and internal fixation of the sternal fracture were performed; recovery was uneventful.

Ketogenic Diet for Intractable Epilepsy in Adults

Yaffa Schiff, Tally Lerman-Sagie

Nutrition and Diet Unit, Tel Aviv Medical Center; and Pediatric Neurology Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon; and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

The ketogenic diet is an accepted alternative for children with intractable generalized or multi-focal seizures not amenable to surgery. It is not commonly used in adults because of the impression that the diet is less effective after childhood, when it is more difficult both to achieve ketosis and to change dietary habits. We present a 20-year-old man with intractable epilepsy since early childhood who is being treated with great success by a medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet. It has not only controlled the seizures but has also improved quality of life. We recommend a therapeutic trial of the ketogenic diet in intractable epilepsy for all ages.

Chylothorax following Penetrating Injury

Y. Kluger, B. Sagie, Y. Chemo, A. Ravid, Y. Paz, J. Klausner

Dept. of Surgery, Rabin Trauma Center and Sourasky-Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv

We describe a 19-year-old man with 9 stab wounds of the chest. Initial evaluation revealed paraplegia at the D-10 level and bilateral hemothorax. 2 days after admission right-sided chylothorax was diagnosed. Fasting and total parenteral nutrition resulted in complete clearance. Chylothorax can cause major metabolic consequences, but prompt treatment results in full recovery.

Carnitine Deficiency in Inborn Errors of Metabolism

B.-A. Sela, T. Lerman-Sagie, M. Berkovitz

Institute of Chemical Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Wolfsohn Medical Center, Holon; and Children's Ambulatory Clinic, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zrifin

Several conditions, considered as inborn errors of metabolism, involve severe deficiencies in carnitine in both plasma and muscle. In the absence of evidence suggesting primary carnitine deficiency due to a biosynthetic enzymatic defect in the liver, the various diseases with carnitine deficiency are related to genetic defects in organic acid metabolism leading to blocked mitochondrial b oxidation. We describe a 4.5-year-old boy and 2 female infants with glutaric aciduria type I, isovaleric acidemia, and long-chain acid dehydrogenase deficiency, in whom severe carnitine deficiency was apparent. In all 3, long-term carnitine treatment proved to be vital and eliminated most of the symptoms.

Prosthetic Heart Valve Thrombosis: A 3-Year Experience

Yaron Shapira, Rafael Hirsch, Ruth Jortner, Moshe Nili, Bernardo Vidne, Alex Sagie

Sheingarten Echocardiography Unit and Cardiology Dept., Rabin Medical Center (Beilinson Campus), Petah Tikva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

A series of 12 patients with 16 episodes of prosthetic heart-valve thrombosis over 3 years is presented. Most episodes affected mitral or tricuspid bileaflet prostheses. All patients were inadequately anticoagulated at the time of thrombosis. The clinical presentation was acute and severe in 6 patients, and subacute or chronic in the rest. Physical examination was suggestive of stuck valves in most cases. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed increased transvalvular gradients in most. However, clearer evidence of valve thrombosis was obtained from transesophageal echocardiography or fluoroscopy. 9 patients eventually had their valves re-replaced successfully, and the preoperative diagnosis was confirmed in all. 5 patients were operated as soon as the diagnosis was established, and an additional 4 were operated after failure of anticoagulation. In 4 patients the valve leaflets became completely mobile after a course of thrombolysis. Prosthetic valve thrombosis is a severe and potentially fatal complication in patients with mechanical heart valves. Alertness of physicians at all levels- the general practitioner, the internist and the cardiologist- to the possibility of valve thrombosis and to its clinical presentation may lead to prompt and earlier diagnosis and to comprehensive therapy.

Blunt Perineal Injuries

Y. Kluger, D. Soffer, B. Sagie, O. Abllay, D. Aladgem, M. Rabau

Depts. of Surgery B and C and Division of Trauma and Proctology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv

Blunt perineal and anal injuries are rare. We describe 2 patients who suffered injury to the perineum and anal canal due to blunt force. New surgical techniques for the reconstruction of the sphincteric mechanism are promising and should be used by the initial treating surgeon as minimal procedures in the perineal region. Anal tagging, minimal debridement, approximation of the edges of perineal laceration, repeated irrigation and loop-colostomy for fecal diversion should be the only initial surgical procedures.