תוצאת חיפוש

שלומית שאל (1), יצחק בירן (1,2), בנימין מילר (1,2)

(1) המח' לרפואת עיניים אלברטו מוסקונה, מרכז רפואי רמב"ם, חיפה, (2) הפקולטה לרפואה ברוך רפפופורט, הטכניון, מכון טכנולוגי לישראל, חיפה

במאמר זה מדווח על חולה בת 75 שנה שלקתה באנדופתלמיטיס על רקע משוער של קנדידה טרופיקליס, לאחר כריתה קדמית של אנדוקצינומה בכרכשת (colon).

הגורם המזהה אובחן בתרביות דם, אך לא בתרבית מנוזל הזגוגית. טיפול מערכתי נגד פטריות לא הביא לשיפור בתסמינים העיניים. לאחר ביצוע כריתת הזגוגית והזרקת תרופות נגד פטריות לחלל הזגוגית ניצפה שיפור הדרגתי במצבה, עד להחלמה מלאה של התהליך הזיהומי בעיניים.

למיטב ידיעתנו, זה הדיווח הראשון על אנדופתלמיטיס בתר-ניתוחי ממקור משוער של קנדידה טרופיקליס בחולה ללא זיכוי של שורת הדם הלבנה. אנו ממליצים על ערנות מיוחדת לתלונות בעיניים בחולים עם אלח-דם מפטריות ועל מתן טיפול מיידי, בהתאם למימצאים בבדיקת העיניים.

בנימין שלומי, יעקב לוי, עדי קהן ויצחק הורוביץ

אוכלוסיית המבוגרים בתל-אביב נמצאת במגמת עלייה. שברים בעצם הלסת התחתונה המדולדלת (mandible) (שעל"ת), אינם שכיחים. אולם חומרת הפגיעה והעובדה שהיא מתרחשת בחולים קשישים בדרך-כלל, הלוקים לעתים בעיות רפואיות מורכבות, הופכת את הטיפול בלוקים בפציעה זו לאתגר ממשי לכל העוסקים בפגיעות בעצמות הלסת והפנים (maxillofacial traumas). שיעור הסיבוכים, כגון זיהום ואי-איחוי, הוא גבוה בהרבה בהשוואה לטיפול בשברים בלסת התחתונה בצעירים. בעבודה זו נסקור את הביולוגיה של שעל"ת, ואת אפשרויות השיחזור והקיבוע באמצעות שתלי עצם. כמו-כן, נדווח על ניסיוננו בחמש השנים האחרונות בטיפול בפגיעה ייחודית זו במרכז הרפואי תל-אביב.

Relationship between Occupation and Clinical Characteristics during Pregnancy and Recommendation to Stop Working

S. Gazit-Nissim, E. Sheiner, M. Mazor, I. Shoham-Vardi

Depts. of Epidemiology and Health Services Evaluation, and of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba

We examined the relationship between occupation and clinical characteristics during pregnancy and medical recommendations to stop working. Using a case-control design, we compared 58 working women who had preterm births, with 126 who had delivered at term. All women were interviewed postpartum while still in hospital.

There were no differences between the groups with regard to physical activity outside the home, weekly work hours, nor duration of work. Only a small proportion had been exposed to unusually difficult working conditions, to hazardous agents or to a very uncomfortable working environment. Women who had had preterm births were advised more often to leave their jobs or modify their working patterns. Multivariate analysis revealed that the physician's decision to recommend cessation of work was influenced primarily by complications during the current pregnancy.

It appears that our patients at risk for preterm birth are probably correctly identified, and receive appropriate guidelines as to working patterns. It is possible that a poor obstetric history or previous abortions may paradoxically have a protective effect, as they influence the physician to recommend cessation of work.

Relationship Between Preterm Birth and Exertion During Pregnancy

S. Gazit-Nissim, E. Sheiner, M. Mazor, I. Shoham-Vardi

Depts. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Epidemiology and of Health Services Evaluation, Soroka-University Medical Center, and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba

The relationship between physical activity at home and at work during pregnancy and preterm birth was studied. Using a case-control design, 99 women who delivered preterm were compared with 189 women who had term deliveries. The risk of preterm birth was tested in relation to characteristics of work in and outside the home. All women were interviewed post-partum before discharge.

There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in relation to sociodemographic and obstetrical factors, but level of education was significantly lower in the study group versus the control group (p=0.001).

Women who delivered preterm had devoted less time 3 months prior to delivery to household chores (mean of 3.7 hours vs. 4.8 hours in the control group, p=0.002). They also had spent less time walking around the home than the controls (1.2 vs. 1.5 hours, p=0.02). There were no differences between the groups in relation to physical activity outside the home, not during working hours, nor in duration of work. Significantly fewer women who delivered preterm were active in sports (odds ratio 0.22; 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.65; p=0.002).

A low level of education was significantly related to the risk of preterm birth, which may have resulted from lesser compliance with their physician's recommendations. It appears that in women not used to significant physical activity but who had access to adequate prenatal care, physical effort during pregnancy was not related to a higher risk of preterm birth.

Symptom Severity among Chronic Schizophrenics in Hospital and in the Community

Haim Y. Knobler, Dorit Ben Ami, Orna Intrator, Shlomit Katz, Daniela Moshe, Yaacov Lerner

Jerusalem Mental Health Center, Falk Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Studies, and Dept. of Statistics, Hebrew Universitry of Jeruselam

We compared severity of symptoms of chronic schizophrenics in a psychiatric hospital with those treated in its outpatient clinics.

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Mini-Mental State examination were used to assess the schizophrenic symptoms and cognitperformance, respectively, of 25 chronic schizophrenic inpatients matched for gender, age and education with 25 chronic scoutpatients. The Global Assessment Scale and the Clinical Global Impression Scale were used to test global functioning. Assessment included psychiatric and medical history and treatment and demographic characteristics.

In-patients had significantly more positive, negative and general psychiatric symptoms. Their cognitive and general functioning were impaired. Most in-patients also had medical problems. Age of onset of schizophrenia among the in-patients was younger.

Results show a marked difference in severity of symptoms and level of functioning between chronic schizophrenic in-patients and out-patients. These differences should be considered in the planning of discharge of chronic in-patients from psychiatric hospitals into the community.

Enhancing Cultural Sensitivity of Psychiatrists from Russia

Haim Y. Knobler, Shlomit Katz, Inessa Poliakova, Rimona Durst

Jerusalem Mental Health Center, Kfar Shaul Hospital, Jerusalem

The importance of understanding the local culture and enhancing cultural sensitivity became evident during supervision of immigrant psychiatrists from the former Soviet Union. The aim of the present study was to describe enhancement of this cultural sensitivity in the supervision of 2 immigrant psychiatrists. In the first, understanding the patient's cultural world helped the immigrant psychiatrist form the therapeutic alliance. In the second, the immigrant psychiatrist's understanding of the patient's cultural background led him to change both diagnosis and treatment. In both cases, development of cultural sensitivity through supervision enabled successful treatment. Enhancement of cultural sensitivity may accelerate absorption of the immigrant psychiatrists themselves. Discussing cultural issues during work may accelerate the absorption of all immigrant physicians.