Summary

Background:

Military medicine has evolved significantly over the past 50 years, advancing from basic treatments and limited evacuations to sophisticated combat casualty care. Innovations such as hemorrhage control, early blood product administration, and telemedicine have greatly improved battlefield care. Rapid evacuation systems and skilled medical teams have reduced mortality and morbidity rates.

Objectives:

To review the transformation of the Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps (IDF-MC) in combat casualty care over the past 50 years, focusing on recent applications during the Iron Swords war.

Methods:

Data were collected from the personal experiences of IDF-MC doctors, IDF archives, and relevant military medical literature, with an emphasis on life-saving strategies, personnel, equipment, mental health support, and civil–military cooperation.

Results:

Rapid evacuation and immediate care have improved survival rates, while increased front-line deployment of medical staff has enhanced response capabilities. Modern medical tools and techniques, such as tourniquets and blood products, have been widely adopted. Improved psychological support strategies ensure better mental health outcomes for soldiers. Enhanced coordination with civilian trauma systems optimizes care and resource allocation, leading to more efficient and effective casualty treatment.

Conclusions:

The IDF-MC's advancements in rapid evacuation and front-line medical support have significantly improved combat casualty outcomes. Continued innovation and collaboration with civilian systems are essential for further progress in military medicine. Future technological advancements are anticipated to further enhance military medical care.