תוצאת חיפוש

סמינומה היא ממאירות שמקורה בתאי נבט והמקור השכיח לה בגברים הוא באשך. סמינומה ראשונית של המיצר (Mediastinum) היא מחלה נדירה. המחלה מתגלה בדרך-כלל בשלב מאוחר. על כן אופייני שלחולה תהיינה תלונות, כגון שיעול, צרידות וכאבים בבית-החזה בשלב קביעת האבחנה. גוש בצוואר הוא מימצא שאינו שכיח במחלה וכאשר מדווח הוא בדרך-כלל גרורה בקשרית-לימפה של הצוואר. מובאת בזאת פרשת חולה שפנה לבירור בשל גוש בצוואר התחתון שנמצא כהמשכו הישיר של גוש גדול במיצר הקדמי. הגוש במיצר והמשכו הישיר בצוואר אובחנו כסמינומה ראשונית של המיצר. למרות גודלו הניכר של הגוש במיצר, הרי שלחולה לא היו תלונות כלשהן.

Pneumomediastinum Following Drug Abuse

Z.G. Fridlender, A. Bloch

Medical Division, Hadassah Hospital, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem

Pneumomediastinum is termed spontaneous when not associated with trauma or other identifiable pathological process. There are several reports of pneumomediastinum following narcotic drug inhalation or smoking while applying positive pressure. We describe a 37-year-old male drug addict, hospitalized after having being found unconscious with shortness of breath. CT scan demonstrated bilateral pneumonia with pneumomediastinum. After a day of mechanical ventilation he gradually recovered and the mediastinal air disappeared.

Pneumomediastinum may occur in addicts but usually has no dangerous clinical consequences. If there is respiratory deterioration another cause should be sought.

Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Mediastinal Masses Guided by Computed Tomography

M. Sklair-Levy, D. Shaham, I. Sherman, I. Bar-Ziv, I. Libson

Depts. of Radiology and Pathology, Hadassah-University Hospital, Jerusalem

Progress in diagnostic radiology and pathology during the past decade has changed the approach to diagnosis of mediastinal masses. Diagnosis by CT-guided needle biopsy (CTNB) has replaced open biopsy and mediastinoscopy. CTNB of mediastinal masses is accurate, reliable and safe. It is done under local anesthesia, in ambulatory patients and is tolerated well. Between July 1987 and April 1997 we performed 67 biopsies in 63 patients aged 6-86 years; 33 were women (average age 40.8 years) and 30 men (average age 38.3 years). 57 of 67 biopsies were core biopsies for histologic examination and 10 were cytologic biopsies. In this report we concentrate on the 57 core biopsies. 41 of the biopsies were diagnostic; in 3 of them no evidence of malignancy was found. In 38 of the biopsies a tumor, malignant or benign, or an inflammatory process was diagnosed. In 24 of the biopsies the diagnosis was lymphoma. In 16 there was not enough material for diagnosis. We repeated the biopsy in 4 of the latter due to high suspicion of malignancy and reached a diagnosis in all 4 of them. In 6 the diagnosis was reached only by operation. The biopsies were from all compartments of the mediastinum. There were no complications such as pneumothorax or bleeding, except for 1 case of mild hemoptysis. In conclusion, CTNB of mediastinal lesions is accurate, safe and relatively cheap. In 72% a diagnosis was reached in the first attempt and a second attempt raised the diagnostic rate to 79%. We believe that CTNB should be the first step in tissue diagnosis of mediastinal masses, including those with a high suspicion of lymphoma.