תוצאת חיפוש

יעל לנדאו¹, שלמה וינקר^1,2, מיכל שני^1,2, ששון נקר^1,2,

¹המח' לרפואת המשפחה, מחוז מרכז, שירותי בריאות כללית, ראשון לציון, ²החוג לרפואת המשפחה, הפקולטה לרפואה סאקלר, אוניברסיטת תל-אביב

משך הביקור אצל רופא המשפחה הוא משאב יקר ערך, וחשוב לבחון האם מיפגש רפואי ארוך יותר מביא בהכרח לתוצאות טובות יותר בהיבטים של תחלואה ותמותה, ושל שביעות רצון המטופל והרופא.

בבעיות רפואיות דומות נע משך המיפגש הרפואי בין  2-3 דקות עד 30 דקות. המטלות החדשות על רופא המשפחה בתחומים כמו רפואה מונעת, טיפול בחולה המורכב ותחום בריאות הנפש, גורמות לרופאים רבים לחוש כי משך הביקור אינו מספיק.

בסקירת הסיפרות נמצאו מחקרי תצפית שנמדד בהם משך הביקור, מתוך ניסיון לחפש קשר בין משך הביקור למדדי איכות רפואיים. כן נמצאו מחקרי התערבות שנקבע בהם מראש משך המיפגש ונבדקו תוצאות המיפגש.

בסקירה הנוכחית נתמקד בהשפעת משך הביקור על מדדי האיכות שנבדקו: שביעות-רצון המטופלים והרופאים, לחץ הרופא בזמן הביקור, שיעור הביקורים הנשנים, איתור בעיות נפשיות על-ידי רופא המשפחה, ביצוע פעולות רפואה מונעת והמלצות על אורח-חיים בריא בזמן הביקור, איבחון וטיפול בבעיות חדות ובמחלות כרוניות, וכן צריכת משאבים כגון תרופות, בדיקות עזר והפניות לייעוצים.

Characteristics of Israeli Primary Health Care Physicians who Treat Depression

Jonathan Rabinowitz, Dina Feldman, Revital Gross, Wienka Boerma

Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan; Israel Ministry of Health; JDC-Brookdale Institute, Jerusalem; and Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care (NIVEL)

Primary health care physicians have a pivotal role in treating mental health problems. We determined the proportion of primary care physicians in Israel who treat depression and their characteristics. The study was based on a stratified national random sample of primary care physicians (n677, response rate 78%). From these physicians' reports 22% always treat depression, 36.6% usually, 28.6% sometimes, and 12.6% never. Based on a logistic regression model the physicians who always or usually treated depression were distinguished from the other physicians by their treating more medical conditions on their own, seeing themselves as having more first contact for psychosocial problems, having frequent contact with social workers and specializing in family medicine. Primary health care physicians play a major role in treating depression on their own. This raises new questions about how they treat depression themselves, and under what circumstances they treat or refer to a specialist.

Patients' Opinions of the Role of Primary Care Physicians and the Organization of Health Care Services

Revital Gross, Hava Tabenkin, Shuli Bramli, Pesach Schvartzman

JDC-Brookdale Institute, Jerusalem; Dept. of Family Medicine, HaEmek Hospital, Afula; Kupat Holim Clalit, Northern District; Institute for Specialization, Ben-Gurion University, Northern Branch; and Dept. of Family Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Kupat Holim Clalit, Beer Sheba

Patients' opinions of the role of the primary care physician were studied. The study population consisted of Hebrew-speaking members of the Clalit Sick Fund, aged 18+, who visited primary care and specialty clinics. Interviews took place during January-March 1995 in the Emek and Jerusalem, and during August-October 1995 in Beer Sheba. A total of 2,734 interviews were conducted, and the response rate was 88%. 64% of the respondents preferred the primary care physician as the first address for most problems occurring during the day. Multivariate analysis revealed that the variables predicting this preference were: being over age 45, having completed less than 12 years of schooling, being satisfied with the physician, and when a child's illness was involved. Whether the physician was a specialist had only a marginal effect. The findings also show that among those who did go directly to a specialist for the current visit, 49% would still prefer the primary care physician to be the first address for most problems. However, half of the respondents initiated the current visit to the specialty clinic themselves. The findings also showed that a preference for the primary care physician to be the first address had an independent and statistically significant effect on the following aspects of service consumption: taking the initiative to go to a specialist, the intention to return to the primary care physician or to the specialist for continuing care, and the patient's belief that referral to a specialist was needed. The findings of the study may be of assistance to policy-makers on the national level and to sick funds in planning the role of the primary care physician, so that it corresponds, on the one hand, to the needs of the sick funds and the economic constraints in the health system, and on the other, to the preferences of the patient.