תוצאת חיפוש

לאחרונה זוהה אנזים הומולוגי לאנזים המהפך אנגיוטנסין (ACE), ACE2, שאינו רגיש למעכבי ACE. 2ACE  נמצא במכרסמים ובבני-אדם, ומבוטא בעיקר בכלי-הדם, בלב ובכליות. הפעילות הקטליטית של 2ACE מתבטאת בהסרת חומצה אמינית בודדת מהקצה הקרבוקסילי של פפטידים, ובמערכת הרנין אנגיוטנסין אלדוסטרון (RAAS) הוא אחראי לפירוק של אנגיוטנסין I (AngI) ואנגיוטנסין II (AngII) ל-Ang1-9 ו-Ang1-7, בהתאמה. בעוד ש-ACE אחראי ליצירת AngII, שהוא מכווץ כלי-דם, הרי ש- 2ACE גורם לפירוק AngII תוך יצירת 1-7Ang, שהוא בעל פעילות הפוכה. לפיכך, ACE2 יכול להוות משקל-נגד ל- ACE באיזון מכווצי ומרחיבי כלי-הדם כמו גם בתיפקוד הלב והכליות. מקומו וחשיבותו של ACE2 בפיזיולוגיה התקינה ובמצבים פתולוגיים אינם ברורים דיים ונלמדים כעת.

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction without Left Ventric-Ular Hypertrophy Treated with Ace Inhibitors

Jacob Feldman, Irit Laxer, Abraham Yaretzky

Geriatric Dept., Meir Hospital, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

We describe a very unusual case of sudden, severe worsening of congestive heart failure which was caused by ACE inhibitors. Diagnosis was made by echocardiogram showing a typical picture of dynamic, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction without left ventricular hypertrophy, which disappeared on discontinuing ACE inhibitors. This phenomenon has already been described as a complication of other drugs such as nitrates, commonly used as provocative tests for latent obstructive cardiomyopathy. To our knowledge ACE inhibihave not been described as a causative factor.

ACE Gene Polymorphism in a Diabetic Cohort and Diabetic Nephropathy

Orna Levinson, Shmuel Oren, Chana Yagil, Marina Sapojnikov, Alexander Wechsler, Rosanna Bloch, Yoram Yagil

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba and Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon

The renin-angiotensin system is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of kidney disease in diabetes. Previous studies have shown a possible association between the D allele of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, known to be associated with higher circulating levels of ACE, and increased risk of developing nephropathy in NIDDM. The present study investigated the distribution of ACE gene genotypes in the general population and patients with NIDDM, the association between the D allele and diabetic nephropathy, and the association between the ACE genotype and involvement of other target organs in NIDDM. The ACE genotype (insertion/deletion I/D) was determined in all subjects, subsequently divided into 3 groups based on their polymorphism (DD, DI and II). The presence of nephropathy was defined by an albumin-creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or greater (mean of 2 first morning urine samples).

In the general population most had the D allele (DD or ID) and a minority the II genotype. There was no association between genotype and hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia, and cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular disease. In diabetics the genotype distribution was not different from that in the general population. Within the diabetic group, there was no association between genotype and hypertension, hyperlipidemia, duration of diabetes, or HbA1C levels. Nephropathy, found in 81 of the 156 with NIDDM, was not associated with genotype. Diabetic nephropathy was not associated with retinopathy, neuropathy, or ischemic heart, cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular disease. We conclude that in the population sampled, there was no association between the D allele of the ACE gene and the risk of developing nephropathy in NIDDM.