Bo Johanneson, BSc and Marta E. Alarcon-Riquelme, MD, PhD
Donato Alarcon-Segovoia, MD, MS, PhD
The future promises good news for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, some of which can already be foreseen. Increased knowledge on genes that participate in the predisposition, pathogenesis, pharmacogenetics of, and protection against this disease may permit intervention at this level. Also, better understanding about the role of sex hormones has allowed trials of weak androgens or prolactin inhibitors. New immunomodulators or i mmunosuppresors may enable more precise treatment at the immunoregulatory level, and greater knowledge on the disturbance of circuits has already provided hints and even allowed trials of anti-interleukin-10 antibodies, an IL-10 decreasing agent, tolerance-induction strategies or intervention at the level of T cell co-stimulation, as well as immune ablation with subsequent stem cell transplantation. Autoantibodies can be removed, controlled by means of antiidiotypes, which are blocked from reaching their target antigen or uncoupled from the tissues they have reached. All these treatment strategies will gradually become decanted in order to achieve the optimal treatment of SEE, which may turn out to be its cure.